Mind map - growth of suburbia (forgot to upload earlier)

Suburbia 1950's

• •urban sprawl
• •commute to city for work
• •malls
• •end of mom and pop shop
• •downtown struggles
• •expanded classism
• •middle to lower class gap expands
• •capitalism expands
• •tv
• •dish washer
• •washer & dryer
• •bigger homes
• •more cars
• •rise of teens
• •rock and roll
• •soda shops

FLQ and the war measures act

The FLQ crisis, or October crisis happened in October 1970.  Many of the people of Quebec were fed up with Canada.  Some wanted to separate from Canada.  Most choose to try and do so with politics.  A small faction decided to take a more extreme approach.  They were called the FLQ.  They kidnapped a British diplomat named James Cross.

At this point PM Trudeau (Sr.) decided to inact the war measures act.  The war measures act was designed to control the people during times of war and was used during WW1 and WW2.  It strips Canadians of their rights.  You can be arrested and held in jail/prison without even being charged or having a trial.  You don't even need to break the law!  The government just has to decide that maybe you are a risk or know the wrong people or have the wrong neighbors!  The war measures act can also set curfews and have military and tanks rolling through your neighborhood.  The war measures act didn't stop the FLQ though.  Next they kidnapped provincial cabinet minister Pierre LaPorte.  Later they killed him.  Many Canadians were arrested and jailed for no reason other then fear.  I think PM Trudeau was wrong.  I think he only did this because it was one of their own.  People get kidnapped all the time and the government doesn't care this much, not till it might be them.  The War Measures act didn't stop the FLQ.  But it did take away Canadians rights and freedoms to protect the government (not the people), just as it did during WW2, when it was used against Japanese-Canadians, and during WW1 against German, Austrian & Hungarian and Turkish Canadians.

Whenever you allow the government to do this to others, you are at risk of suffering the same fascism.  I think the war measures act is always wrong.  It shouldn't be allowed to exist or be used ever.  And the risk of allowing it has become real now that we have C-51, the government can do this to people without even using the war measures act.  If people had stopped the government in 1970, maybe today we wouldn't have C-51.

Cold War

Positive things I learned:

1. Canada stood up to the US and helped China be in the UN
2. Canada stood up to the US over Cuba.
3. Cuba over threw a pro American leader, controlled by US, for US interests

Negative things I learned:

1. My history textbook doesn't know that communist countries can and have been democracies - namely the USSR. In fact it was during a referendum that elected president Gorbachev put to the people, that the people choose capitalism.  Clearly the prejudice and misinformation continues. - good thing my mom is teaching me.   *The electoral system of the Soviet Union was based upon Chapter XI of the Constitution of the Soviet Union and by the Electoral Laws enacted in conformity with it. The Constitution and laws applied to elections in all Soviets, from the Supreme Soviets of the USSR, theUnion republics and autonomous republics, through to regions, districts and towns. Voting was secret and direct via universal suffrage.^[1] (wiki).
2. People lost their rights, jobs, homes and freedom because of rumours and fear and propaganda.
3. The cold war, along with how countries like Canada viewed other countries was based on economic ideals believing only their way was right.  
4. Cuba was demonized for kicking out America and choosing Communism.  Also their leader turner out to be a dictator.
5. The US supported the south of Vietnam even though it was basically a dictatorship.  They did this because the North was communist, proving it was never about freedom, just capitalism. 

Things that surprised me:

1. Its considered a war without ever firing a weapon but people did die as the Korean war was part of the cold war. 
2. Again, same for Vietnam war. 

Quilt

My picture has the unity flag.  Canadians first became aware of it during Oka and called it the warrior flag, but its the unity flag because all warriors from all Nations will unite under it as allies.  Oka was an important event for my people, it taught us to stand up, it reminds us to keep fighting with Idle No More.  Instead of the symbol of a warrior in the center I drew a picture of my mom being held to the ground with a soldiers boot on her back and a gun at the bottom of her head.  She was only 15 and was bringing clothes, sleeping bags, food and other supplies to the warriors at Oka.  They honored her with a unity shirt.  She had to go through military and police checkpoints every time she went into Kanesatake, and this is what they did to her.  She is still very scared of police and soldiers from this but she did it every weekend anyway and she was only my age.  People like my mom had to do this because Canada wouldn't let the red cross do it.  I think my mom is a hero and represents other great Native hero's here in Canada because she was willing to support what was right even when she was scared.

Looking Back

1.  I think the three most important events of the 20th century, in Canadian history are:
• WW2; Canada decided to stand up for the human rights of Jews.  However not, people of colour because they took rights from the Japanese-Canadians.  But it was a good first atep in realizing human Rights are important.
•Meech Lake:  Elijah Harper stopped the Meech Lake accord and made sure Canada included First Nations rights in the constitution.  This has made it easier for us to fight for our rights.
•Oka: We stood up to Canada for our rights.  Canada violated laws about war by turning the military on people with Canadian citizenship and by refusing to allow aid from the red cross.  This made the UN listen more to First Nations people.
2. Lasagna: This famous picture is of the Famous Mohawk Warrior named Lasagna.  He lead our people to stand against Canada no matter how scary it was.  He risked his life and went to prison as a political prisoner to protect sacred burial land from being turned into a golf course.  He valued the well being of his people over his own life.  He showed bravery, honesty, fortitude and generosity by doing this.  In my Nation on my mom's side these are the highest values.

(This famous picture is Lasagna)

3.  Prime Minister Trudeau Sr.  He made the white paper to try and wipe out Native rights but we stopped it.  Also he brought in the war measures act during the FLQ crisis, taking away everyone's rights.
4.  •If you allow your country to take away someone's rights and freedoms like Canada did to Japanese Canadians during WW2, then you risk having your freedom taken also, like during the FLQ crisis.
•Even though Hitler happened in Germany it still is Canadian history because we joined the war and were involved.  I think we are learning the lesson now.  In my history book it only talked for a small paragraph about how Hitler became ruler of Germany.  So no one knows a lot about how that happened.  If you don't know what bad things happened in history then you might let it happen again.  Right now the USA might do the very same thing Germany did, if the US votes in Trump.  I hope they don't because I don't want to be in a war like WW2.
5.  Canada has to give First Nations our nationhood back and reconcile with our people.  If they don't then we will keep suffering and dying.  Or there might be a rebellion and that would be scary too.  Plus Canada can't keep lying and pretend they believe in human rights if they don't do this.

Key question 19&29

These aren't complete, with permission from Mr poser as my history book didnt have the information.

Canadian-America. Relations

1.  NATO.  We share responsibility for protect North America (but not Mexico).
2. Tourism. Because of the shared, peaceful boarder Canadians and Americans visit the other for most international travel
3. Free trade.  NAFTA (and soon TPP) mean we are trading partners.  This makes it easy to import and export.  Unfortunately it also means Americans have the "right" to have a certain percent of resources (water, oil, energy) expirted to them.
4. Friendly relations: as allies we are expected to support each other on many things.
5. Extradition: prisoners can be returned to the other country if requested.  This is good for Canadians in the USA prisions because we don't have the death penalty.

Similarities & differences (Canada/USA

1. Clothing:  styles of clothing are virtually the same in the USA and Canada.  Many of the brands and stores are also the same.  There are some different brands that you'll only find in US or Canada, but most are similar.

2. War.  Canadians and Americans are different on their view of wars (mostly).  Canada is more cautious, and used to only do peacekeeping up until the gulf war.  America likes to jump into wars believing they are great leaders.  Canada goes into wars when they believe it's the right thing to do.  

3. Democracy.  Both are democracies but Canada is a parliamentary democracy and the US is a representative democracy.
In the USA states are more independent then provinces and territories in Canada.
4: socialism: while Canada and the US both have social assistance, welfare and EI; Canadians believe its a human right to survive, have health care, look after the vulnerable. Canada is a socialist - capitalist country.  Many Americans have a more survival of the fittist attitude. They are a capitalist country.
5. Geography: The northern part of the USA has very similar geography to Canada but not the Canadian shield or BC rainforest. Alaskan geography is similar to the Yukon.  The southern USA has the grand canyon, deserts, and swampy gulf coast geography.  Also the USA has the smokey mountains.  The West coast of the USA has lots of volcanoes and more fault lines
6. Standard of living: is the same.  The majority of both countries is a first world country.  But many reserves and reservations are 2nd and 3rd world standards of living.
7: origins:  Both are colonial states that took land by force through war and colonialism.
8: guns: Americans believe it is a right and freedom to carry guns.  Because of this there are a lot of murders.  Canadians believe guns are a privilege.  There are a lot less murders and it is mostly with knives.
9:  Canadians believe in Nationalism and Americans are patriotic.
10: language: Americans have a higher number of accents.  Some words are different such as pop and soda, couch and sofa.  But we both understand the other.

CTRC

I think the CTRC and Canadian content is a good thing.  The United States has so much influence over what we watch and listen too and  they spend much more money on the entertainment industry. When Canadian content was introduced, Americans dominated the entertainment industry even though Canadian artists were just as big as American artists.  Most Canadian artists had to make it as Americans to become big.  And even though we are the same in many ways we are also different.  Canadian content helps small town Canadian singers like Avril Lavign (once was) get airtime in an American dominated entertainment industry.  It also brings shows like the Rick Mercier Report.  When it comes to comedy's Canada has. Different sense of humour.  One qe might lose without Canadian content.

Limiting factors

1.  Limiting factors like the ability to grow or hunt food in a desert /arctic ecosystem or the amount of water in a warm desert ecosystem are limiting factors that can effect humans

2.  An algal bloom covers the ponds surface blocking sunlight.  This prevents oxygen from being created in the water and becomes a limiting factor.

3.  Abiotic limiting factors:

• Water - everything needs water.  When water is limited it reduces the carrying capacity of plants & animals.
• Living space - an ecosystem with limited living space won't have enough room to sustain large populations
• Nutrients - limited nutrients effect plant growth which will reduce the carrying capacity for plants and then everything else (or risk starvation).
• Shelter - lack of shelter puts humans and most animals in danger from elements or predators. 
• Sunlight. - Nothing would grow and it would be cold leading to starvation, and exposure.
• Weather - bad weather can destroy habitat, food and shelter.  
• 
  

Stars

1.  A prominent group of stars, but smaller then a constellation .

2.  Vega is seen as a white star

3.  Stars range in size from red giants to blue super giants to smaller white, yellow and orange stars

4.  A constellation is a region of a few stars, within a galaxy.  A galaxy is a huge rotating collection of gas, dust, (millions) of stars as well as planets, and other celestial objects.

5.  The universe was created by a big bang which occurred about 13 billion years ago.  After the big bang, all matter was scattered into what can be thought if as fine dust or a cloud of mist which was sub atomic particles.  After the bug bang the universe expanded rapidly.  As the universe free older the objects got increasingly further apart.  Eventually, electons, proteins and neutrons were created.  These then came together to form the smallest atom (the hydrogen atom).  When enough hydrogen atoms came together, stars were formed.  These giant stars became nuclear reactors in which smaller hydrogen atoms were cooked and fused together under enormous pressure to become heavier elements.

Space

1/  stars are luminous because they create light, suns are giant balls of fire and fire makes light.

2/ mercury, Venus, earth, mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.  Pluto - dwarf planet.

3.  A sun is a giant ball of dust and gas which ignited and produces heat, light and more.  A planet is made up of smaller left over clumps of dust and gas and are not ignited.  Planets rotate around a sun.  Planets are the leftovers.  Suns impact planets but planets don't impact suns.

4/ a space probe is a spacecraft without people.  It is run by computer.  They are sent out into our solar system to take pictures and collect data and transmit it back to earth so we can learn more about parts of our solar system that ate too far sway to go to.

5/ I think space exploration is important because it's interesting and makes us imagine and realize how small we are and how unique earth is so we shouldn't destroy it.  Also it teaches us science and helps us understand the universe better.  Plus it is a liyt better to spend money on something like space (I really like space) that will educate people and teach us to dream.  That's a lot better then spending money on tarsands and war.

Teenagers

Teens in the 1960's are best known for being hippies (although not all were).  Hippies looked really different then teens had before.  They wore long hair, beads, old jeans and other things.  People thought they looked strange.  They believed in free love and were very open about sex.  They openly smoked weed and did other drugs.  They listened to rock music their parents didn't like.  They were seen as very rebellious even though every generation felt this way about teens.  The thing that was very different from other generations was they were very concerned about the politics (especially wars) going on and they protested against them.  These wars weren't like the one their parents experienced (ww2), these ones weren't about saving people.  They were just about governments.  

In many ways todays teens are similar in their pastimes and in some ways our clothes.  This is mostly because hippies changed these things in society to become the norm.  Teens today (mostly) aren't political and (mostly) don't protest.  The only teens I know who do, are like me & protest with their parents who were political teens in the 1990's.  Because of this I don't think today's teens are very rebellious at all.  I think many are disrespectful but that isn't the same thing.

New flag for Ontario

I drew the earth showing Canada and highlighted Ontario.  I looked at lots of symbols for Ontario but all of them really didn't describe all of Ontario, just part of it or some of the people.  Ontario is very multicultural.  People cone from all over Canada and all over the world and make Ontario their home.  Some of us have always been from here.  So I think this is the best way to represent everyone and remind people that Ontario is our home but so is the whole world so we have to look after all of it.

The sun

1. Before the telescope astronomers used several instruments; the astrolabe, the nocturnal, the armillary sphere, the cross staff, the quadrant and the dioptra.
2. Refracting telescopes refract or bend light.  Reflecting telescopes uses mirrors to reflect light.
3. Nuclear reactions are constantly occurring on the sun.
4. The sun can continue to supply us with energy for another 500,000 years.  When you consider how old the earth is, that's not very long.
5.  The sun can reach temperatures of 15 million °C.
6.  Solar Wind
Solar wind is a stream of charged particles that are released from the upper atmosphere of the sun.  The solar wind flows outward supersonically.  The speed of the solar wind varies but can reach up to one million miles per hour.  The solar wind played an important role in how our solar system came to be.  After our sun was born it collected dust and gas around it, growing.  Eventually the sun ignited forming our sun.  Other smaller clumps of dust and gas became planets, moons, comets and asteoids of our solar system.  When the solar winds started to blow they bkew the remaining dust and gas out of our solar system (so no additional planets and stuff).  The solar winds create a bubble called the heliosphere, this defines the edges of oyrbsolar system.

Solar wind is mostly made up if the electricity conducting particles called plasma ions.  These particles would wreck havoc with our electronics here on earth but our magnetosphere protects us.  Some times however a bit of solar wind gets through and do make some electronics not work.  The solar winds also carry radiation (UV radiation).  Again we are mostly protected on earth.  Our ozone layer helps protect us from this.  We can "see" solar wind as they react with the ions in our magnetosphere.

This reaction is called the Aurorae.  There are two Aurorae.  The one we see in Canada is called the Aurora Borealis (because it is best seen where the great boreal Forrest is & anywhere north of that) as the solar winds bounce off the magnetic field at the north pole.  The same thing happens at the south pole.  The solar winds actually bounce off our entire magnetosphere but since it is strongest at the poles, this is where we see them.

Planets

1.  The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth & Mars

2.  The outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune & (demoted) Pluto.

3.

4.  An astroid is a small rocky object orbiting the sun.

5. Pluto is a dwarf planet.  I think this still makes it a planet as it isn't an astroid, comet or moon. It has a core, Mantle and crust.  It rotates while making revolutions around the sun.  I think we should include all the dwarf planets, they might help us understand the solar system better.

6.  The Perseid Meteor Shower - Your Summer Viewing Guide.

•The Perseid meteor shower can be seen on summer nights in the northern hemisphere, every year.

•A meteor shower happens when a comet comes too close to the sun and produces debris (meteorites).
 •These spread around the comets orbit. Whenever the comets orbit coincides with earth's we see a meteor shower.

•During the peak of the Perseid shower you may see as many as 60 meteors per hour.

•It is best observed on a clear night away from city lights. Even better if you have a telescope, but not necessary.  You can also go to a local observatory

Astronomy kq16

1. Astronomy is the study of everything beyond the earth, of the universe.

2. Revolution is making a complete circle around the sun.  Rotation is the earth spinning on its axis.

3.  Big dipper, little dipper, orion.

4.  The northern hemisphere is colder in the winter because it is tilted away from the sun, giving us less sunlight.

Lightning

1/    Grounding is when you remove the excess charge on an object by  the transfer of electrons between it and another object of substantial size, like the earth. 

2/ Induction charging is a method used to charge an object without actually touching the object to any other charged object

3/Heavier, negatively charged particles sink to the bottom of the cloud. When the positive and negative charges grow large enough, a giant spark - lightning -occurs between the two charges within the cloud. This is like a static electricity sparks you see, but much bigger.

4/